Name	Calvin L.Klein
Logo	180px
Type	Subsidiary
Foundation	1968
Founder	Calvin Klein
Location city	New York City
Location country	United States
Parent	Phillips-Van Heusen
Homepage	calvinklein.com }}

Calvin Klein Inc. is a fashion brand founded in 1968 by American fashion designer Calvin Klein. The company is headquartered in Midtown Manhattan, New York City and currently owned by Phillips-Van Heusen. Like other fashion brands, Calvin Klein established a monogram: the "cK" emblem .

History

In 1968, Klein founded Calvin Klein Limited, a coat shop in the York Hotel in New York City, with $10,000. The first Calvin Klein collection was a line of men's and women's coats featured at the New York City store, Bonwit Teller.

In 1969, Klein appeared on the cover of Vogue magazine. By 1971, sportswear, classic blazers and lingerie were added to his women's collection.

In 1973, he recieved his first Coty American Fashion Critics' Award for his 74-piece womenswear collection. By 1977, annual revenues had increased to $30 million, and Klein had licenses for scarves, shoes, belts, furs, sunglasses, and sheets. Klein and Schwartz were making $4 million each. After the company signed licenses for cosmetics, jeans, and menswear, Klein's annual retail volume was estimated at $100 million. In 1978, Klein claimed sales of 200,000 pairs of his famous jeans the first week they were on the market. By 1981, Fortune magazine figured Klein's annual income at $8.5 million a year. In the mid-1970s, he had created a designer-jeans craze by putting his name on the back pocket.

In the late 1970s, the company also made attempts to set up its own fragrance and cosmetics business, but soon withdrew from the market with big financial losses. In the 1980s, as the designer-jeans frenzy reached its all-time high, Calvin Klein introduced a highly successful line of boxer shorts for women and a men’s underwear collection which would later gross $70 million in a single year. Calvin Klein’s underwear business, promoted later in the 1990s with giant billboards showing images of pop singer "Marky Mark" Mark Wahlberg, was so successful that his underpants became generally known as "Calvins".

The stunning growth continued through the early eighties. The licensing program, which brought in $24,000 when it was initiated in 1974, had royalty income of $7.3 million ten years later. That year, worldwide retail sales were estimated at more than $600 million. Klein's clothes were sold through 12,000 stores in the United States and were available in six other countries. His annual income passed $12 million.

Financial problems, increased pressure from all sides, disagreements with the licensee of the menswear line and its disappointing sales as well as an enormous employee turnover both within Calvin Klein and its licensing partners led to the first rumors that Calvin Klein Industries, as the company had been known by then, was up for sale. And indeed, in late 1987, it was said that the sale of the company to Triangle Industries, a container manufacturer, had only failed because of the crashing stock market.

Although the company almost faced bankruptcy in 1992, Calvin Klein managed to regain and increase the profitability of his empire throughout the later 90s, mainly through the success of its highly popular underwear and fragrance lines, as well as the ck sportswear line. Klein was named "America's Best Designer" for his minimalist all-American designs in 1993, and it came as a surprise in 1999 when it was announced that CKI was again up for sale. Planning to expand its business, the company had been approached by two luxury goods companies, LVMH and Pinault Printemps Redoute, to join Calvin Klein, but nothing resulted. Other potentials like Tommy Hilfiger Corp. and Italy's Holding di Partecipazioni proved to be similar disappointments because of CKI's steep price tag of supposedly $1 billion. After seven months and no potential buyer, Klein announced that his empire was not on the market any more. The company would never manage to go public, which had supposedly been Klein's plan once. In June 2008, Calvin Klein started to sponsor America's Next Top Male Model, allowing the winner to embark on a 100,000 dollar contract as well as a runway show, as a bonus, to launch their career.

Acquisition by Phillips van Heusen

In mid-December 2002, Calvin Klein Inc. (CKI) was finally sold to shirt maker Phillips Van Heusen Corp, whose then CEO Bruce Klatsky was the driving force behind the deal, for about $400 million in cash, $30 million in stock as well as licensing rights and royalties linked to revenues over the following 15 years that were estimated at $200 to $300 million. The sale also included an ongoing personal financial incentive for Klein based on future sales of the Calvin Klein brand.

PVH outcompeted VF Corp., the maker of Lee and Wrangler jeans, which had also been interested in the jeans, underwear and swimwear business of CK that had been controlled by Warnaco Group, maker of Speedo swimwear in the US, since 1997. The deal with PVH did not include these businesses, and they remained with Warnaco. Unable to pay debts from acquisitions and licensing agreements and due to bad publicity by a later dismissed lawsuit with Calvin Klein over selling license products to retailers other than agreed upon with Calvin Klein, Warnaco had filed for chapter 11 protection in mid-2001 but eventually emerged from bankruptcy in February 2003.

In reaction to the announcement of the deal, Phillips-Van Heusen shares closed down 14 cents at $12.54 on the New York Stock Exchange on December 17, 2002.

The transaction between Calvin Klein and PVH was financially supported by Apax Partners Inc., a New York private equity firm, which is said to have made a $250 million equity investment in PVH convertible preferred stock, as well as a $125 million, two-year secured note, all in exchange for seats on the board of PVH.

CKI thus became a wholly owned subsidiary of PVH. In the beginning, Klein himself, who was included as a person in the 15-year contract he had signed with PVH, remained creative head of the collections but then continued as an advisor (consulting creative director) to the new company from 2003 on and has since been more withdrawn from the business. Barry K. Schwartz was said to concentrate on his role as chairman of the New York Racing Association, a horse-racing club. The current President and COO of the CKI division within PVH is Tom Murry, who had filled this position already before the acquisition.

With the fall 2006 Collection runway presentations in New York City, CKI inaugurated an show room space that can seat up to 600 people on the ground floor of 205 West 39th Street, in Times Square South where Calvin Klein has been headquartered since 1978.

Designers

The current creative director for Calvin Klein Collection for women is Brazilian-born Francisco Costa who had already worked with Klein directly before the founder's departure from the company. Costa had taken over the job in 2003.

Italo Zucchelli, a former Jil Sander and Romeo Gigli designer, had collaborated with Calvin Klein for six seasons before he became head designer of the Calvin Klein Collection menswear line in spring 2004.

Kevin Carrigan, an Englishman, is the creative director of the ck Calvin Klein and Calvin Klein (white label) brands and their related licensed products. Carrigan has been with Calvin Klein since 1998.

Brands

The most visible brand names in the Calvin Klein portfolio include:

Calvin Klein Collection (black label, top-end designer line)

ck Calvin Klein (grey label, recently repositioned as bridge collection line; licensed to Warnaco Group, Inc. through at least 2044)

Calvin Klein (white label, better sportswear line)

Calvin Klein Sport (sports version of the white label line for Macy's)

Calvin Klein Jeans (denimwear line; licensed to Warnaco Group through at least 2044)

Calvin Klein Home (high end bedding, towel, bath rug and accessory collections)

The Khaki Collection (youthful medium to high end bedding, towel, bath rug and accessories) discontinued in 2008

Calvin Klein Golf (launched in late 2007)

Calvin Klein Underwear (underwear collections; licensed to Warnaco Group through at least 2044) CK one Lifestyle brand (fragrance, underwear, jeans -launched 2011)

Calvin Klein Watches + Jewelry (watches launched in 1997, jewelry in 2004)

Stores

Calvin Klein Collection

In the late 1990s the company opened elegant Calvin Klein Collection stores in Paris, Seoul, and Taipei and ultra high-end cK Calvin Klein stores in Hong Kong, Milan and Kuwait City. As of today, there is only one Calvin Klein Collection store operated by CKI. It is located in New York City. Out of the two Calvin Klein Collection stores that existed in the US, the Dallas location in Highland Park Village which had been open for 20 years was closed in mid-2005. The only international location, in Paris, was closed by PVH in March 2006. The New York store, which serves as the company's flagship store at 654 Madison Ave., remains open still today. Partners maintain Calvin Klein Collection stores in Shanghai, Beijing, Seoul, Dubai and Qatar.

Calvin Klein (white label)

Specialty retail Calvin Klein stores, designed by New York architecture firm Lynch/Eisinger/Design have been opened at Lenox Square in Atlanta, Beverly Center in Los Angeles; now closed down, Cherry Creek Mall in Denver; now closed down, Natick Collection in Natick, MA; closing down on July 25, 2010, The Mall at Partridge Creek in Michigan; now closed down, Aventura Mall in Aventura, Florida, South Coast Plaza in Costa Mesa California. An additional eight stores also designed by Lynch/Eisinger/Design are set to open in 2008. There are also several Calvin Klein Outlet stores, mostly located within factory outlet malls in the US, that sell the white label sportswear and sometimes the Calvin Klein white label at reduced prices but do not carry the Collection lines. It has been reported that Calvin Klein will close all White Label locations within the next year.

Calvin Klein Jeans

The Warnaco Group maintains Calvin Klein Jeans and corresponding outlet stores in the US and elsewhere, carrying the denim and casual collections. International Calvin Klein Jeans stores exist around the globe. Among many other countries in the UK, Germany, Greece, Russia, Brazil, México, Croatia, Egypt, Chile, Argentina, India, Australia and New Zealand.

Calvin Klein Underwear

Signature Calvin Klein Underwear boutiques can be found in Buenos Aires, Cardiff (as of April 2011), Mexico City, Edinburgh, Glasgow, Melbourne, Hong Kong, London, Manchester, New York City, Shanghai, Singapore, Frankfurt am Main, Toronto and Hatfield. There also have many type for calvin Klein Underwear:bra,taga,slip.this ck 36k 2010,ck world cup and so on.

Department Stores

The major department stores in the US, including Macy's, Lord & Taylor and Nordstrom, as well as many small independent stores carry the ck, white label and/or Jeans collections. Some high-end department stores, such as Bergdorf Goodman, Saks Fifth Avenue and Neiman Marcus also carry Calvin Klein Collection. Notable retailers in the UK offering Calvin Klein include stores such as John Lewis, Debenhams and KJ Beckett. In Australia the dominant retailer is Myer. Calvin Klein products are also found online with particular internet focus on selling Calvin Klein underwear and fragrance.

Europe and Asia

In Europe, Calvin Klein is predominantly known for its underwear, accessories and perhaps the Collection business, rather than for the medium-priced sportswear lines which are available at select high-end retail stores. In Asia, there are also signature ck Calvin Klein stores that carry diffusion line, aka grey label including womenswear, menswear, accessories.

Fragrances

Calvin Klein is famous for the label's various lines of perfumes and colognes. Their perfumes and the corresponding fragrance lines used to be maintained by Calvin Klein Cosmetics Company (CKCC), a Unilever company, until recently when in May 2005 cosmetics giant Coty, Inc. of New York bought up the fragrance licensing agreements from Unilever.

''[Year of launch.]''

Calvin (men) [1981]

Obsession (men and women) [men 1986, women 1985]

Eternity (men and women) [men 1989, women 1988)

Escape (men and women) [men 1993, women 1991]

ck one (unisex) [1994, 'Red Hot' limited edition 2000, 'Graffiti' art limited edition 2003]

ck be (unisex) [1996]

Contradiction (women and men) [women 1997, men 1998]

Truth (men and women) [men 2002, women 2000]

Eternity Rose blush (women) 2002 LIMITED EDITION

Crave (men) [2003]

Eternity Purple Orchid (women) [2003] LIMITED EDITION

Eternity Moment (women) [2004]

ck one Summer [2004 yellow and green] [2005 yellow and orange] [2006 blue and green] [2007 red and green] [2008 clear blue] [2009 blue and yellow] [2010 orange and yellow] LIMITED EDITIONS

Obsession Night (men and women) [2005]

Euphoria (women) [2005] (men) [2006]

ck one Electric (unisex) [2006] LIMITED EDITION

ck one Scene (unisex) [2006] LIMITED EDITION

Eternity Summer (men and women)[2006] [2007] [2008] [2009] [2010] LIMITED EDITION

Calvin Klein Man [2007]

ck IN2U (men and women) [2007]

Euphoria Blossom (women)[2007]

Euphoria Intense (men) [2008]

CK Free (men) [2009]

Beauty (women) [2010]

ck one Shock (women) [2011]

ck one Shock (men) [2011]

Advertising

The early ads were shot by Bruce Weber and Richard Avedon. Avedon photographed and directed the Calvin Klein Jeans campaign that featured a fifteen-year-old Brooke Shields. Some of those television commercials were banned, including the infamous ad where Brooke asks "Do you want to know what comes between me and my Calvins? Nothing!" Calvin Klein's advertising campaigns are frequently controversial, but prove this can be very successful, to the point of making a blitz career. One of his male underwear models, Mark Wahlberg, went on to fame as hip hop star "Marky Mark", launching himself into the Hollywood scene to become a current popular actor. Another Hollywood star owing his respectable career to the Calvin Klein advertisements is Antonio Sabato Jr.. In the early 1990s, Calvin Klein was also responsible for launching the international career of supermodel Kate Moss and offering her another opportunity to revive her career in 2002 after cocaine allegations. Other spokesmodels were Natalia Vodianova, Scott King and Toni Garrn, whose career were launched by Calvin Klein, too. Current spokesmodels of the brand are Jamie Dornan and Lara Stone. Other models who have visibly modeled for Calvin Klein include Jerry Hall, Patti Hansen, Tom Hintnaus, David Agbodji, Doutzen Kroes, Mini Anden, Garrett Neff, Sean O'Pry, Edita Vilkeviciute, Andrew Stetson, and Vladimir Ivanov. Actors such as Eva Mendes, Mehcad Brooks, Scarlett Johansson, Kellan Lutz, Andie MacDowell, Zoe Saldana and Diane Kruger have also been chosen to model for the brand. They also use other young models representing them, like Jayli Alejandra Rodriguez, Kenia Ferro, Penelope Layevska, Laura Cristina Calderon and Isabela Parini.

They also play with emerging technologies. When advertising cKone perfume in 1999, they employed a very unusual and groundbreaking campaign that displayed e-mail addresses in print advertisements, targeted at teenagers. When these teens mailed these addresses, they would be placed on a mailing list that sent them mails with vague details about the models' lives, with fake details meant to make them more relatable. These mails came at unpredictable intervals, and were supposed to give readers the feeling that they had some connection with these characters. Though the mailing lists were discontinued in 2002, the campaign has inspired similar marketing tactics for movies and other retail products.

Internet

In 2004 the company bought the domain name CK.com. Calvin Klein is one of the few corporations worldwide to own a two letter domain name.

Calvin Klein Underwear also owns Bras.com and Underwear.com. Both of the domain names are used to re-direct hits to CKU.com

See also

Sex in advertising

References

External links

Calvin Klein Official site (www.calvinkleininc.com or www.ck.com)

Great CK Biography With Photos

Calvin Klein Preferred home page

Calvin Klein Underwear home page

Lynch / Eisinger / Design Website

a Calvin Klein Perfume and Cologne Website

Calvin Klein Boxers Comparison site

calvin klein underwear site

Calvin Klein Jeans, ca. 1975-1985, in the Staten Island Historical Society Online Collections Database

Category:Clothing brands Category:Companies established in 1968 Category:Clothing companies based in New York City Category:Underwear brands

az:Calvin Klein hr:Calvin Klein is:Calvin Klein it:Calvin Klein ru:Calvin Klein Inc. te:కాల్విన్ క్లైన్ zh:卡文·克萊

name	Brooke Shields
birth date	May 31, 1965
birth place	New York City, U.S.A.
birthname	Brooke Christa Shields
yearsactive	1966–present
occupation	Actress, author, model
spouse	Andre Agassi (1997–1999) Chris Henchy (2001–present)
children	Rowan Francis (b. 2003) Grier Hammond (b. 2006) }}

Brooke Christa Shields (born May 31, 1965) is an American actress, author and model. Some of her better-known movies include ''Pretty Baby'' and ''The Blue Lagoon'', as well as TV shows such as ''Suddenly Susan'', ''That '70s Show'' and ''Lipstick Jungle''.

Early life

Shields was born in New York City to Teri (née Schmon) and Frank Shields, who divorced several months after she was born. Through her father's side, she has Italian and French roots, along with high social position and relations to nobility. Her paternal grandmother was the Italian princess Donna Marina Torlonia. Shields was raised in the Catholic faith. She has two stepbrothers and three half-sisters.

When Shields was five days old, her mother openly stated she wanted her to be active in show business, "She's the most beautiful child and I'm going to help her with her career."

For her confirmation at the age of 10, Shields adopted her middle name, "Camille". While attending high school, Shields resided in Haworth, New Jersey.

When she was 12 years old, Shields played a child prostitute her age in the 1978 film ''Pretty Baby''. Eileen Ford, founder of the Ford Modeling Agency, said of Brooke Shields: "...She is a professional child and unique. She looks like an adult and thinks like one."

Education

She attended the all-female New Lincoln School until eighth grade, before graduating from The Dwight-Englewood School of Englewood, New Jersey in 1983.

Shields moved into the dorms of Princeton University to pursue her bachelor's degree in French literature, graduating in June 1987. While attending Princeton, she spoke openly about her sexuality and virginity. Shields was a member of the Princeton Triangle Club and the Cap and Gown Club. Her autobiography, ''On Your Own'', was published in 1985. Her 1987 senior thesis was titled "The Initiation: From Innocence to Experience: The Pre-Adolescent/Adolescent Journey in the Films of Louis Malle, ''Pretty Baby'' and ''Lacombe Lucien''."

In the op-ed page of ''The New York Times'', her school records were made available shortly after the university graduation. The criticism emphasized that Shields did not take any courses in history, mathematics, economics, world literature or science with laboratory experience.

Career

Early work

Shields began her career as a model in 1966, at the age of 11 months. Her first job was for Ivory Soap, shot by Francesco Scavullo. She continued as a successful child model with model agent Eileen Ford, who, in her Lifetime Network biography, stated that she started her children's division just for Shields.

In early 1980, the 14-year-old Shields was the youngest fashion model ever to appear on the cover of the top fashion publication ''Vogue'' magazine. Later that same year, Shields appeared in controversial print and TV ads for Calvin Klein jeans. The TV ad included her saying the famous tagline, "You want to know what comes between me and my Calvins? Nothing." Brooke Shields ads would help catapult Klein's career to super-designer status.

From 1981 to 1983, Brooke Shields, her mother, photographer Gary Gross, Playboy Press and the New York City Courts were involved in litigation over the rights to some photographs her mother had signed away to the photographer (when dealing with models who are also minors, a parent or legal guardian must sign such a release form while other agreements are subject to negotiation) which were originally intended to appear in a book titled ''Sugar and Spice'' to be published by Playboy Press. The courts ruled in favor of the photographer but due to a strange twist in New York law, it would have been otherwise had Brooke Shields been considered a child "performer" rather than a model.

By the age of 16, Shields had become one of the most recognizable faces in the world, because of her dual career as a provocative fashion model and controversial child actress. ''TIME'' magazine reported, in its February 9, 1981 cover story, that her day rate as a model was $10,000. In 1983, Shields appeared on the cover of the September issue of Paris ''Vogue'', the October and November issues of American ''Vogue'' and the December edition of Italian ''Vogue''. During that period Shields became a regular at New York City's nightclub Studio 54. In 2009, a naked picture of Brooke Shields, taken when she was 10, and included in a work by Richard Prince, ''Spiritual America'', created a row. It was removed from an exhibition at the Tate Modern after a warning from the police.

Film

Shields' first major film role was her 1978 appearance in Louis Malle's ''Pretty Baby'', a movie in which she played a child who lived in a brothel (and in which there were numerous nude scenes). Because she was only 12 when the film was released, and possibly 11 when it was filmed, questions were raised about child pornography. This was followed by a slightly less controversial and less notable film, ''Wanda Nevada'' (1979).

After two decades of movies, her best known films are still arguably ''The Blue Lagoon'' (1980), which included a number of nude scenes between teenage lovers on a tropical island (Shields later testified before a U.S. Congressional inquiry that older body doubles were used in some of them), and ''Endless Love'' (1981). The MPAA initially rated ''Endless Love'' with a X rating. However, the film was re-edited to earn a R rating. She won the People's Choice Award in the category of Favorite Young Performer in four consecutive years from 1981 to 1984. In 1998, she played lesbian Lily in ''The Misadventures of Margaret''.

In 2001, Lifetime aired the film ''What Makes a Family'', starring Brooke Shields and Cherry Jones in a true-to-life story of two married lesbian mothers and a baby versus the adoption laws of Florida.

Television appearances

Shields has appeared in a number of television shows. In 1980, she was the youngest guest star to ever appear on ''The Muppet Show'', in which she and the Muppets put on their own version of Alice In Wonderland. She was also the youngest person to host ABC's ''Fridays'', a ''Saturday Night Live''-like sketch comedy show, in 1981. In one episode of the popular comedy sitcom ''Friends'', Shields played Joey's stalker. This role led directly to her being cast in the NBC sitcom ''Suddenly Susan'', in which she starred from 1996 until 2000, and which earned a People's Choice Award in the category of Favorite Female Performer in a New Television Series for her, in 1997, and two Golden Globe nominations.

In the early 1980s, she starred in the USPHS PSA sponsored by the American Lung Association as an initiative that VIPs should become examples and advocates of non-smoking. In the mid-1980s, Brooke began her support of the USO by touring with Bob Hope.

Shields made a couple of guest appearances on ''That '70s Show''. She played Pam Burkhart, Jackie's (Mila Kunis) mother, who later was briefly involved with Donna's (Laura Prepon) father (played by Don Stark). Shields left ''That '70s Show'' when her character was written out. Shields recorded the narration for the Sony/BMG recording of ''The Runaway Bunny'', a Concerto for Violin, Orchestra and Reader, by Glen Roven. It was performed by the Royal Philharmonic and Ittai Shapira.

In the latter half of the first decade of the 2000s, Shields guest-starred on shows like FX's ''Nip/Tuck'' and CBS' ''Two and a Half Men''. In 2005, Shields appeared in a season two episode of HBO's Entourage, entitled "Blue Balls Lagoon." In 2007, she made a guest appearance on Disney's ''Hannah Montana'' playing Susan Stewart, Miley and Jackson's mother, who died in 2004. In 2008, she returned in the primetime drama ''Lipstick Jungle.'' The series ended a year later.

In 2010, Shields guest-starred in the situation comedy, ''The Middle'', as the next-door nemesis of Patricia Heaton's character, Frankie. She also appeared as a featured celebrity in NBC's genealogy documentary reality series, ''Who Do You Think You Are?'', where it was revealed that, through her father's ancestry, she is the distant cousin (many generations removed) of King Louis XIV of France, and thus a descendant of both Saint Louis and Henry IV of France.

Theatre

Shields has appeared in several Broadway theatre productions, including the musicals ''Grease'' (1994 revival) as Betty Rizzo, the 1998 revival of ''Cabaret'' (in 2001), the 2003 revival of ''Wonderful Town'' (in 2004-2005) and ''Chicago''. She also performed in ''Chicago'' in London's West End. She is scheduled to take over the role of "Morticia" in the new Broadway musical ''The Addams Family'' on June 28, 2011.

Personal life

In the June 2009 issue of ''Health'' magazine, Shields related that she lost her virginity at age 22. She said the incident would have occurred earlier if she had had a better self-image.

In the mid 1980s while at Princeton, Shields dated classmate Dean Cain. Shields has also been linked to John F. Kennedy Jr, actor Liam Neeson and singer George Michael. She was also a favorite date of Prince Naruhito of Japan. After a romantic interlude with John Travolta, the 16 year-old Brooke Shields dated 18 year-old Mohammed, son of the arms-dealer billionaire Adnan Khashoggi, in Cannes where they first met. At 18, Brooke Shields met Dodi Fayed and they became friends. Brooke was 24 years old when she spent the evening with Dodi Fayed in Paris to celebrate his 33rd birthday.

By the 1990s, Brooke Shields would be exhibiting her physique as an extension of her womanhood, promoting physical fitness as an extension of femininity, demonstrating that femininity and athletics are consistent rather than incongruous. Although she was not the only one, Shields had what was required to promote woman athletics.

Shields has been married twice. From April 19, 1997 to April 9, 1999, Shields was married to professional tennis player Andre Agassi; the couple had been together since 1993. On April 4, 2001, she married television writer Chris Henchy after they met in 1999 through mutual friends. The couple have two daughters: Rowan Francis (born May 15, 2003) and Grier Hammond (born April 18, 2006).

Postpartum depression

In the spring of 2005, Shields spoke to magazines (such as ''Guideposts'') and appeared on ''The Oprah Winfrey Show'' to publicize her battle with postpartum depression, an experience that included depression, thoughts of suicide, an inability to respond to her baby's needs and delayed maternal bonding. The illness may have been triggered by a traumatic childbirth, the death of her father three weeks earlier, stress from in vitro fertilization, a miscarriage and a family history of depression, as well as the hormones and life changes which were brought on by childbirth. Her book, ''Down Came the Rain'', discusses her experience, contributing to a greater public awareness of postpartum depression.

In May 2005, Tom Cruise, a Scientologist whose beliefs frown upon psychiatry, condemned Shields, both personally and professionally, particularly for both using and speaking in favor of the antidepressant drug Paxil. As Cruise said, "Here is a woman and I care about Brooke Shields, because I think she is an incredibly talented woman, you look at [and think], where has her career gone?" Shields responded that Cruise's statements about anti-depressants were "irresponsible" and "dangerous." She said that he should "stick to fighting aliens" (a reference to Cruise's starring role in ''War of the Worlds'' as well as some of the more exotic aspects of Scientology doctrine and teachings), "and let mothers decide the best way to treat postpartum depression." The actress responded to a further attack by Cruise in an essay "War of Words" published in ''The New York Times'' on July 1, 2005, in which she made an individual case for the medication and said, "In a strange way, it was comforting to me when my obstetrician told me that my feelings of extreme despair and my suicidal thoughts were directly tied to a biochemical shift in my body. Once we admit that postpartum is a serious medical condition, then the treatment becomes more available and socially acceptable. With a doctor's care, I have since tapered off the medication but, without it, I wouldn't have become the loving parent I am today." On August 31, 2006, according to USAToday.com, Cruise privately apologized to Shields for the incident and Shields accepted and said that it was "heartfelt." Three months later, she and her husband attended the wedding of Cruise and Katie Holmes, in November, 2006.

Shields is a spokeswoman for Tupperware's Chain of Confidence SMART Girls campaign, a program that teaches girls to nurture their mental and physical well-being.

Relationship with Michael Jackson

Shields spoke at the memorial service for Michael Jackson on July 7, 2009 at the Staples Center in Los Angeles, California, before a television audience of more than one billion people. Shields stated in that speech that she first met Michael when she was 13 years old, and the two instantly became friends. Shields said:

Thinking back to when we met and the many times that we spent together and whenever we were out together, there would be a caption of some kind, and the caption usually said something like 'an odd couple' or 'an unlikely pair,' but to us it was the most natural and easiest of friendships... Michael always knew he could count on me to support him or be his date and that we would have fun no matter where we were. We had a bond... Both of us needed to be adults very early, but when we were together, we were two little kids having fun.

In her eulogy speech, she also shared a number of anecdotes, including an occasion in which she was his date for one of Elizabeth Taylor's weddings, and the pair sneaked into Taylor's room to get the first look at her dress, only to discover Taylor asleep in the bed. Shields gave a tearful speech, referring to the many times she and Michael Jackson shared and briefly joked about his famous sequin glove. She also mentioned Jackson’s favorite song "Smile" by Charlie Chaplin which was later sung in the memorial service by Jermaine Jackson.

New York Times columnist Gail Collins noted that "it was a little peculiar hearing Brooke Shields’s weepy testimony about her deep friendship with Jackson given the fact that she told reporters that the last time she saw him was at Elizabeth Taylor’s eighth wedding in 1991." This however does not agree with Michael's statements during his 1993 interview with Oprah Winfrey that he was dating Shields at the time, as well as with the fact that Shields was Michael Jackson's date to the 1993 Grammys. Shields has stated that Jackson asked her to marry him numerous times and to adopt a child together.

Jackson said of Shields in a conversation with Rabbi Shmuley Boteach in 2001:

That was one of the loves of my life. I think she loved me as much as I loved her, you know? We dated a lot. We, we went out a lot. Her pictures were all over my wall, my mirror, everything. And I went to the Academy Awards with Diana Ross and this girl walks up to me and says "Hi, I'm Brooke Shields." Then she goes "Are you going to the after-party?" I go, "Yeah." "Good, I'll see you at the party." I'm going "Oh my God, does she know she's all over my room?" So we go the after-party. She comes up to me she goes, "Will you dance with me?" I went, "Yes. I will dance with you." Man, we exchanged numbers and I was up all night, singing, spinning around my room, just so happy. It was great.

Filmography

Film
! Year	! Film	! Role	! Notes
1976	''Alice, Sweet Alice''	Karen Spages	Alternative titles: ''Communion''''Holy Terror''
		Violet
	Tita
		Tilt (Brenda Louise Davenport)
''Wanda Nevada''	Wanda Nevada
''Just You and Me, Kid''	Kate
1980		Emmeline Lestrange
1981		Jade Butterfield
1983		Dale
1984	''The Muppets Take Manhattan''	Customer in Pete's
	''Speed Zone!''	Stewardess/Herself	Alternative title: ''Cannonball Fever''
	Brenda Starr
1990		Stevie	Alternative title: ''Backstreet Strays''
1992		Christine Shaye	Alternative title: ''Born Wild''
1993	''Freaked''	Skye Daley	Alternative titles: ''Freak Show''''Hideous Mutant Freekz''
	''The Postgraduate''	Fantasy Wife
''The Seventh Floor''	Kate Fletcher
1996		Mimi Wolverton
1998	''The Misadventures of Margaret''	Lily
	''The Weekend''	Nina
	Sam Donager
	Buckley Hale-Windsor
1999	''The Disenchanted Forest''	Narrator
2000		Kate
	''Our Italian Husband''	Charlene Taylor	Alternative title: ''Mariti in affitto''
''The Easter Egg Adventure''	Horrible Harriet Hare (Voice)
2005	''Bob the Butler''	Anne Jamieson
2007	''National Lampoon's Bag Boy''	Mrs. Hart
	''Justice League: The New Frontier''	Carol Ferris (Voice)
''The Midnight Meat Train''	Susan Hoff
	Ruby Bear (Voice)
	''Furry Vengeance''	Tammy Sanders
''The Other Guys''	Herself
	Madame Varcolac	Television Movie
2011	''Chalet Girl''	Caroline
Television
! Year	! Title	! Role	! Notes
1974	''After the Fall''	Quentin's Daughter	Television movie
1977	''The Prince of Central Park''	Kristin	Television movie
1982		Elizabeth Harrington	Unknown episodes
1984	''Wet Gold''	Laura	Television movie
1988	''The Diamond Trap''	Tara Holden	Television movie
1992		Vanessa Foster	Episode: "Leaping of the Shrew"
1993	''I Can Make You Love Me''	Laura Black	Television movieAlternative title: ''Stalking Laura''
1993		Norma	1 episode
1994	''An American Love''	Greta	1 episode
1995	''Nothing Lasts Forever''	Dr. Beth Taft	Television movie
1996	''Friends''	Erika Ford	1 episode
1996–2000	''Suddenly Susan''	Susan Keane	93 episodes, producer
1998	''The Almost Perfect Bank Robbery''	Cyndee Lafrance	Television movie
	''What Makes a Family''	Janine Nielssen	Television movie
''Just Shoot Me!''	Erlene Noodleman, Nina's Sister	1 episode
	''Miss Spider's Sunny Patch Kids''	Miss Spider (Voice)	Television movie
''Gary the Rat''	Cassandra Harrison (Voice)	1 episode
	''Gone, But Not Forgotten''	Betsy Tannenbaum	Television movie
''I'm with Her''	Ivy Tyler	1 episode
''That 70s Show''	Pamela Burkhart	7 episodes
2005	''New Car Smell''	April	Television movie
	''Law & Order: Criminal Intent''	Kelly Sloane-Raines	1 episode
''Nip/Tuck''	Faith Wolper	3 episodes
	''Two and a Half Men''	Danielle Stewert	1 episode
	Julie (Voice)	1 episode
2007–2009	''Hannah Montana''	Susan Stewart	3 episodes
2008	''Widows''	Shirley Heller	1 episode
2008–2009		Wendy Healy	20 episodes
		Rita Glossner	2 episodes
	Herself/Narrator	1 episode

References

External links

WebMD article on Shields and Postpartum Depression

"Regarding Ardy": an online short film with Brooke Shields

"The Runaway Bunny" violin concerto, by Glen Roven and narrated by Brooke Shields

Brooke Shields 2007 Interview on ''Sidewalks Entertainment''

Brooke Shields 2007 short film on ''Funny Or Die''

Category:1965 births Category:Living people Category:Actors from New Jersey Category:Actors from New York City Category:American child actors Category:American child models Category:American female models Category:American film actors Category:American musical theatre actors Category:American people of Irish descent Category:American people of Italian descent Category:American people of French descent Category:American Roman Catholics Category:American socialites Category:American stage actors Category:American television actors Category:GLAAD Media Awards winners Category:House of Torlonia Category:People from Bergen County, New Jersey Category:Princeton University alumni

ar:بروك شيلدز an:Brooke Shields ca:Brooke Shields cs:Brooke Shieldsová da:Brooke Shields de:Brooke Shields es:Brooke Shields fa:بروک شیلدز fr:Brooke Shields gl:Brooke Shields ko:브룩 쉴즈 id:Brooke Shields it:Brooke Shields he:ברוק שילדס ka:ბრუკ შილდსი hu:Brooke Shields nl:Brooke Shields ja:ブルック・シールズ no:Brooke Shields pl:Brooke Shields pt:Brooke Shields ro:Brooke Shields ru:Шилдс, Брук simple:Brooke Shields sk:Brooke Shieldsová sr:Брук Шилдс fi:Brooke Shields sv:Brooke Shields tl:Brooke Shields te:బ్రూక్ షీల్డ్స్ th:บรูก ชิลส์ tr:Brooke Shields zh:波姬·小丝

birthname
birth date	June 05, 1971
birth place	Boston, Massachusetts, US
othername	Marky Mark Monk D
occupation	ActorProducerRapper (former)
yearsactive	1989–present
spouse	Rhea Durham (2009–present; 4 children)
url	Official site }}

Mark Robert Michael Wahlberg (born June 5, 1971) is an American actor, film and television producer, and former rapper. He was known as Marky Mark in his earlier years, and became famous for his 1991 debut as a musician with the band Marky Mark and the Funky Bunch. He was named No.1 on VH1's ''40 Hottest Hotties of the 90's''. He is well known for his roles in films such as ''Boogie Nights'' (1997), ''Three Kings'' (1999), ''The Perfect Storm'' (2000), ''Planet of the Apes'' (2001), ''The Italian Job'' (2003), ''I Heart Huckabees'' (2004), ''Four Brothers'' (2005), ''The Departed'' (2006), ''Invincible'' (2006), ''Shooter'' (2007), and ''The Fighter'' (2010). He has also served as the executive producer of the TV series ''Entourage'' and ''Boardwalk Empire''.

Early life

Wahlberg was born in the Dorchester neighborhood of Boston, Massachusetts, the youngest of nine children, with siblings Arthur, Jim, Paul, Robert, Tracey, Michelle, Debbie (died in 2003 at age 44), and Donnie. He is of Irish, English, Swedish, and French Canadian ancestry, and is distantly related to author Nathaniel Hawthorne. His mother, Alma Elaine ( Donnelly), was a bank clerk and nurse's aide, and his father, Donald Edward Wahlberg, was a Teamster who worked as a delivery driver. His parents divorced in 1982. Wahlberg had a Roman Catholic upbringing and attended Copley Square High School (but never graduated) on Newbury Street in Boston.

Assaults and conviction

Wahlberg claims to have been in trouble 20–25 times with the Boston Police Department as a youth. By the age of 13, Wahlberg had developed an addiction to cocaine and other substances. At 15, he harassed a group of black school children on a field trip by throwing rocks and shouting racial epithets.

When he was 16, Wahlberg approached a middle-aged Vietnamese man on the street and, using a large wooden stick, knocked him unconscious (while calling him "Vietnam fucking shit"). He also attacked another Vietnamese man, leaving him permanently blind in one eye, and attacked a security guard (again using racist language).

For these crimes, Wahlberg was charged with attempted murder, pleaded guilty to assault, and was sentenced to two years in jail at Boston's Deer Island House of Correction, of which he served 45 days. In another incident, the 21-year-old Wahlberg fractured the jaw of a neighbor in an unprovoked attack. Commenting in 2006 on his past crimes, Wahlberg has stated: "I did a lot of things that I regretted and I have certainly paid for my mistakes." He said the right thing to do would be to try to find the blinded man and make amends, and admitted he has not done so, but added that he was no longer burdened by guilt: "You have to go and ask for forgiveness and it wasn't until I really started doing good and doing right, by other people as well as myself, that I really started to feel that guilt go away. So I don't have a problem going to sleep at night. I feel good when I wake up in the morning."

After landing in prison following this assault he decided to change his ways. According to Wahlberg, "As soon as I began that life of crime, there was always a voice in my head telling me I was going to end up in jail. Three of my brothers had done time. My sister went to prison so many times I lost count. Finally I was there, locked up with the kind of guys I'd always wanted to be like. Now I'd earned my stripes and I was just like them and I realized it wasn't what I wanted at all. I'd ended up in the worst place I could possibly imagine and I never wanted to go back. First of all I had to learn to stay on the straight and narrow." Wahlberg first relied on the guidance of his parish priest to turn his back on crime. He told his street gang that he was leaving them and had "some serious fights" with them over it. The actor commented in 2009: "I've made a lot of mistakes in my life and I've done bad things. But I never blamed my upbringing for that. I never behaved like a victim so that I would have a convenient reason for victimizing others. Everything I did wrong was my own fault. I was taught the difference between right and wrong at an early age. I take full responsibility."

Career

Music

Name	Mark Wahlberg
Background	solo_singer
Birth name	Mark Robert Michael Wahlberg
Alias	Marky MarkMonk D
Born	June 05, 1971
Origin	Boston, Massachusetts, US
Genre	Hip hop
Occupation	Rapper, actor, producer
Years active	1989–present
Associated acts	New Kids on the BlockMarky Mark and the Funky Bunch }}

Wahlberg first came to fame as the younger brother of Donnie Wahlberg of the successful 1980s and 1990s boy band New Kids on the Block. Mark, at age thirteen, had been one of the group's original members, along with Donnie, Danny Wood, Jordan Knight, and Jonathan Knight. However, he soon quit. It was his departure that eventually allowed Joe McIntyre to take his place as the fifth member of the group.

Wahlberg began recording as Marky Mark and the Funky Bunch, earning a hit with "Good Vibrations" from the album ''Music for the People''. The record was produced by brother Donnie and later hit No.1 on The Billboard Hot 100, later becoming certified as a Platinum single. The second single, "Wildside," peaked at No.5 on ''Billboards'' Hot Singles Sales chart and at No.10 on The Billboard Hot 100. It was certified as a Gold Single. Marky Mark opened for the New Kids on the Block during their last tour. The second Marky Mark and The Funky Bunch LP, ''You Gotta Believe'', was not as successful as the prior, yielding only a minor hit single in the title track. Wahlberg later collaborated with the late reggae / ragga singer Prince Ital Joe on the album ''Life in the Streets''. The project combined rap and ragga vocals with strong eurodance music (as in the singles ''Happy People'', German No.1 hit ''United'', ''Life in the Streets'', and ''Babylon'') courtesy of Frank Peterson and Alex Christensen as producers.

He was also featured in the Black Label Society music video for "Counterfeit God", as a stand-in for the band's bassist.

Advertising

Wahlberg was known for his impressive physique. He first displayed it in the ''Good Vibrations'' music video and most prominently in a series of underwear ads for Calvin Klein shot by Herb Ritts, following it with Calvin Klein television ads. Magazine and television promotions would sometimes feature Mark exclusively or accompanied by model Kate Moss. Annie Leibovitz also shot a famous session of Mark Wahlberg in underwear for ''Vanity Fair'''s annual Hall of Fame issue. He also made a workout video titled ''The Marky Mark Workout: Form... Focus... Fitness'' (ISBN 1-55510-910-1).

Film

Wahlberg then began an acting career, making his debut in the 1993 TV movie ''The Substitute''. His big screen debut came the next year, with the Danny DeVito feature ''Renaissance Man''. A basketball fanatic, he caught the attention of critics after appearing in ''The Basketball Diaries'' in 1995, playing the role of Mickey alongside Leonardo DiCaprio, in a film adaptation of the Jim Carroll book of the same name. He also starred in the 1996 James Foley thriller ''Fear''.

He has earned many positive reviews after successful movies like ''Boogie Nights'' as Dirk Diggler, ''Three Kings'', ''The Perfect Storm'', ''The Italian Job'', and ''Four Brothers''. His performance in ''I ♥ Huckabees'' was voted best supporting performance of the year in the 2004 ''Village Voice'' Critics Poll. Wahlberg was originally cast as Linus Caldwell in ''Ocean's Eleven''; Matt Damon played the role instead. The two later worked together in ''The Departed''. Wahlberg was also considered for a role in the film ''Brokeback Mountain''. It was originally intended to star him and Joaquin Phoenix, but Wahlberg was uncomfortable with the film's sex scenes and his role ultimately went to Jake Gyllenhaal. Wahlberg starred in the American football drama, ''Invincible'', based on the true story of bartender Vince Papale. He is also the executive producer of the HBO series ''Entourage'' which is loosely based on his experiences in Hollywood. He also appeared as a foul-mouthed Massachusetts State Police detective in Martin Scorsese's critically acclaimed thriller, ''The Departed'' in 2006, which netted him an Academy Award nomination for Best Supporting Actor, a Golden Globe nomination for Best Performance by an Actor in a Supporting Role in a Motion Picture, and an NSFC Best Supporting Actor award. Wahlberg has confirmed that he was approached to star in a sequel to ''The Departed'', but it is still early in development. The sequel would reportedly revolve around the Staff Sergeant played by Wahlberg.

To prepare for his role in ''Shooter'', Wahlberg attended long-range shooting training at Front Sight Firearms Training Institute near Pahrump, Nevada, and was able to hit a target at 2000 yards on his first day, a feat which took his instructor about six months to achieve. He has said in a number of interviews that he will retire at the age of 40 to concentrate on parenthood and professional golf. However, in early 2007 he indicated that the latter was no longer the plan as "his golf game is horrible". He played Jack Salmon, a leading role in Peter Jackson's film of ''The Lovely Bones''. In 2007 he starred opposite Joaquin Phoenix in ''We Own the Night'', a movie about a family of police officers in New York City. The movie also starred Robert Duvall and Eva Mendes.

Wahlberg will play the drug kingpin Jon Roberts in the remake of the 2006 documentary ''Cocaine Cowboys'', which chronicles the story of the largest cocaine trafficker in Miami in the 1970s and 1980s, and he has persuaded Leonardo DiCaprio to play the supporting role.

He starred in M. Night Shyamalan's ''The Happening'' as Eliot Moore, which premiered in movie theatres on June 13, 2008. The same year, he played the title role in ''Max Payne'', based on a video game of the same name. While promoting ''Max Payne'', Mark became involved in a feud with Saturday Night Live's Andy Samberg and threatened to "crack that big fucking nose of his." Samberg had done an impression of Wahlberg in a Saturday Night Live skit titled "Mark Wahlberg Talks To Animals." However, Wahlberg later appeared in a follow-up skit parodying both the original skit, Samberg's impression of Wahlberg, and his own threats to Samberg.

Personal life

Family and relationships

In the early 90s Wahlberg dated former child actress Soleil Moon Frye. Wahlberg and model Rhea Durham have been together since 2001 and got married on August 1, 2009 at the Good Shepherd Catholic Church in Beverly Hills. The couple have four children, Ella Rae (born September 2, 2003), Michael Robert (born March 21, 2006), Brendan Joseph (born September 16, 2008) and Grace Margaret (born January 11, 2010).

His father, a US Army veteran of the Korean War, died on Saint Valentine's Day, February 14, 2008.

Religion

Wahlberg is a committed Roman Catholic, who attends daily Mass, credits his faith and a priest from his childhood for helping him turn his life around, and recognizes the seriousness of his faith.

Charity work

Actively involved in charity, Wahlberg established the ''Mark Wahlberg Youth Foundation'' in May 2001 for the purpose of raising and distributing funds to youth service and enrichment programs.

Tattoos

Wahlberg has four tattoos done by various artists including Paul Timman. The tattoos include Sylvester the cat with Tweety in his mouth on his ankle, a tattoo of his initials MW with Wahlberg through them on his upper right arm, and a Bob Marley tattoo with "One Love" on his upper left arm. The final tattoo, which Wahlberg holds as his most meaningful, is the rosary tattoed around his neck, with a crucifix and the words "In God I Trust" resting over his heart.

Discography

Filmography

+ List of acting performances in film and television
Title	Year	Role	Notes
''''		Ryan Westerberg	Credited as "Marky Mark"
! scope="row"		Private Tommy Lee Haywood	Minor role
''''		Mickey
! scope="row"		David McCall	Nominated — MTV Movie Award for Best Villain
! scope="row"		Pat O'Hara
''Boogie Nights''		Eddie Adams/Dirk Diggler	Nominated — Satellite Award for Best Actor – Motion Picture Drama
''''		Melvin Smiley
''''		Detective Danny Wallace
! scope="row"		Troy Barlow
''''		Leo Handler
''''		Robert "Bobby" Shatford
! scope="row"		Captain Leo Davidson
! scope="row"		Chris "Izzy" Cole
''''		Joshua Peters
''''		Charlie Croker	Main role
''I Heart Huckabees''		Tommy Corn	Village Voice Film Poll – Best Supporting PerformanceNominated — Chlotrudis Award for Best Supporting ActorNominated — Satellite Award for Best Supporting Actor – Motion Picture Musical or Comedy
! scope="row"		Robert "Bobby" Mercer	Main role
! scope="row"			Main role
''''		SSgt. Sean Dignam
! scope="row"		GySgt. Bob Lee Swagger	Main role
''We Own the Night''		Captain Joseph "Joe" Grusinsky
''''		Elliot Moore
! scope="row"		Max Payne
''''		Jack Salmon
''Date Night''		Holbrooke Grant
''''		Detective Terry Hoitz	Lead role
''''		"Irish" Micky Ward
! scope="row"			''post-production''
! scope="row"		John	''filming''

+ List of acting performances in film and television
Title	Year	Role	Notes
''Juvies''		Producer	Documentary
''We Own the Night''		Producer
! scope="row"		Executive producer	45 episodes
''In Treatment''		Executive producer	43 episodes
''Boardwalk Empire''		Executive producer	Ten episodes
''How to Make It in America''		Executive producer	Eight episodes
''''		Producer
! scope="row"		Producer	''post-production''

References

External links

Category:1971 births Category:American film actors Category:American male models Category:American people of Irish descent Category:American rappers Category:American Roman Catholics Category:American television producers Category:BAFTA winners (people) Category:Living people Category:Actors from Massachusetts Category:People from Boston, Massachusetts Category:American people of French-Canadian descent Category:American people of Swedish descent Category:American people convicted of assault

ar:مارك والبيرغ az:Mark Uolberq bn:মার্ক ওয়ালবার্গ bg:Марк Уолбърг ca:Mark Wahlberg cs:Mark Wahlberg da:Mark Wahlberg de:Mark Wahlberg et:Mark Wahlberg el:Μαρκ Γουόλμπεργκ es:Mark Wahlberg fa:مارک واهل‌برگ fr:Mark Wahlberg ga:Mark Wahlberg hr:Mark Wahlberg id:Mark Wahlberg it:Mark Wahlberg he:מארק וולברג sw:Mark Wahlberg hu:Mark Wahlberg mk:Марк Волберг ml:മാര്‍ക്ക് വാള്‍ബെര്‍ഗ്ഗ് nl:Mark Wahlberg ja:マーク・ウォールバーグ no:Mark Wahlberg pl:Mark Wahlberg pt:Mark Wahlberg ru:Уолберг, Марк simple:Mark Wahlberg sr:Марк Волберг fi:Mark Wahlberg sv:Mark Wahlberg tl:Mark Wahlberg th:มาร์ก วาห์ลเบิร์ก tr:Mark Wahlberg uk:Марк Волберг zh:馬克·華伯格